Is Suicide a Sin?

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Amid the sufferings of life on earth, suicide is Gods best gift to man. Such was written within the first published encyclopedia, Natural History, by Gaius Plinius Secundus in AD 77 (Smithsonian 1). Clearly, suicide has intrigued many throughout the history of the human race. It has been and continues to be one of the most disputed topics within the philosophical and religious studies. For example, the question as to whether or not suicide is a sin has caused much-heated debate between those of the Catholic faith, as well as clergy. The Bible is essentially the law for the religion, and yet it is so incredibly ambiguous that it leads to many interpretations. Not only can this argument over the deceaseds fate be found in real life, but it is also a frequent topic in literature. My Antonia by Willa Cather devoted a lot of time on the subject, revolving around the patriarch of a Bohemian household, Mr. Shimerda (Cather). His suicide and his reasons for killing himself are also equivocal, and it is essential to dissect them in order to figure out whether or not, according to Catholicism, Mr. Shimerda would have committed a grave sin and be put into Purgatory or even Hell.According to the Catechism of the Catholic Church, suicide is, in essence, a serious sin (Catechism 1). The Church claims that human life is not owned by the human, but by God. Life for man is supposed to be one of service to God, and lived out, to be taken away when God chooses to do so. Law number 80 states that human life, is not ours to dispose of (Catechism 1). Suicide contradicts the natural inclination of the human being to preserve and perpetuate his life. It is gravely contrary to the just love of self (Catechism 1). The Church feels that suicide not only breaks the fifth commandment, Thou shalt not kill, but also offends the love of the neighbor. It [suicide] unjustly breaks the ties of solidarity with family, nation, and other human societies to which we continue to have obligations (Catechism 14). Basically, after killing oneself, the world that once surrounded them will become plagued with grief, and chain effect of responsibilities members of the family must oblige to comes to being. These obligations include the payment of bills, cancellation of accounts, consoling other family members and friends, arranging funeral service, survivors guilt, and possibly even discrimination for being related to the deceased. Overall, violating a commandment in itself is a sin, and suicide a selfish act as well. The Catholic Church also discourages despair of the salvation of those who have taken their own lives. By ways known to him alone, God can provide the opportunity for salutary repentance (Catechism 14). Therefore, as Ambrosch in My Antonia found himself doing, one can pray all they want, as well as the Church. Nevertheless, it is Gods word in the end that will decide the fate of the one who committed suicide.However, if suicide is such a grave sin, then why are there at least five accounted and almost accepted suicides found within The Bible? (Meeks 1). Wouldnt the crucifixion of Jesus Christ, the center of the Catholic faith, be considered a quintessential suicide? Similar to the way witches were tried in New England during the 1600s, Jesus Christ was put onto the cross to die, and was taunted to show his true power and save himself. If, in the eyes of the Church, Jesus Christ is actually Gods son, then surely he could have saved himself instead of allowing himself to die. By having these powers at hand, could his death be considered a suicide as well? The argument comes into place that Jesus Christ died for the worlds sins. As was said in The Bible, He [God] made Him who knew no sin to be sin on our behalf, that we might become the righteousness of God in Him ( Corinthians 51). Therefore, can it be said that if a man takes his life for the good of those around him, can suicide be rightfully justified in the eyes of the Catholic Church?According to a writer during the 1800s by the name of Robert Green Ingersoll, yes, suicide can in fact be justified and should be respected as a natural practice. Ingersoll claims that, Under many circumstances a man has the right to kill himself (Ingersoll 1). Ingersoll brings up the very interesting point that even the belief that God brought man into the world to take him away at His will is flawed. After all, why would God enjoy watching a man suffer from a cancer devouring his body slowly? Why would God take pleasure in seeing his people suffer in poverty, sickness, and depression? (Ingersoll ). The entire concept makes a lot of sense, and most certainly rings true in the situation discussed in My Antonia. Mr. Shimerda was a very educated and musically inclined man in his homeland of Bohemia. However, upon arrival in the United States, he found the culture and farming aspect to be extremely difficult to live with (Cather ). Simply put, Mr. Shimerda was almost a burden on his family, and had no real assistance to them, other than being the father figure in the household. Thus presents a very interesting paradox. Mr. Shimerda, after seeing how well his neighbors, The Burdens, treated his family, knew that in killing himself he would leave his family even more helpless and prone to receiving more help. By committing suicide, he was making one last final plea for help during that very harsh winter to the Burdens, a clear message that now, without a man in the house, the family would need more help and assistance than ever before. Paradoxically, by killing himself and depriving his family of their head of household, he is ensuring that his wife and children will be thoroughly taken care of. This situation almost made Mr. Shimerda a sort of martyr to his family, giving the ultimate sacrifice of his own life so that they may lead better ones.

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How could a man with only good intentions that are not selfish in the least bit be sentenced so harshly and looked down upon by his religion? It seems to be very unfair, and not only in this situation. Without a doubt, some form of mental illness or insanity causes many suicides. People who take their own lives are viewed as suffering from emotional, psychological, mental or spiritual illness (Meeks 1). Since the 1th century, suicide has been seen more as a symptom than a sin (Meeks ). If one takes into consideration the number of suicides committed in a barbaric fashion, the number of suicides committed due to the voices they heard in their head, it is plain to see that insanity can be a huge contributing factor in many cases. Practically all of those who decide to take their lives are victim of some sort of mental depression, a serious disease in its very self (Ingersoll 6). With this fact in mind, how can one be punished for killing themselves if they were not in the right state of mind? After all, having a depression condition must be just as God sent as a cancer, or any other disease for that matter. Therefore, the judgement of a suicide as a sin is not a fair one, nor is it a practical one.Regardless, with the exception of a number of priests and other lesser clergymen that takes these sorts of facts (not beliefs) into consideration, the Catholic Church as a whole remains unmoved in its beliefs and stance that suicide is, in fact, a sin. Simply put, Is suicide a sin? Yes, because it is an act of rejection against the Holy God who has all the answers (Whiddon ). There is no way around it, Catholicism condemns suicide and considers it a self-serving act, thus proclaiming it a sin in the eyes of God. So where does this leave Mr. Shimerda of My Antonia? Unfortunately, going by the rules of Catholicism, he will remain in limbo or Purgatory until he can repent for his sins. Either this scenario or he will be sent to hell for violating the fifth commandment and taking a life, even if it was only his own (Meeks ). However, due to his intentions of helping out his family (no matter how distorted they may have been), Mr. Shimerda would probably end up in Purgatory until he can be judged. According to the Bible, only one sin is deemed unforgivable. This sin would be blaspheming the Holy Spirit, which is also debated over by Bible scholars around the world to this day. Basically, it means to deny the work of the Holy Spirit, thus rejecting forgiveness (Meeks ). So, if this is true, Mr. Shimerdas fate most certainly is residing in Purgatory, until he has repented completely for what he has done. Unfortunately, all of his familys prayers and fulfillment of certain superstitions (such as burying his body at crossroads) will have no effect. The Catholic Church states that God and God alone will decide and influence the fate of the deceased, not the living. Overall, in accordance with the Catholic Church and its beliefs, suicide is indeed a sin. It is considered a selfish act and nothing more, nothing less. It defies the will of God, because it is Gods decision how and when to take life, not mans. Suicide violates the fifth commandment, Thou shalt not kill, by killing oneself, and taking ones life away. No matter what the situation, suicide not only destroys the life of one; it destroys the life of many. In My Antonia, the Shimerdas suffered greatly during that first winter in America. Mr. Shimerda did not have to take his life, he could have survived and learned the skills and practices to keep up a successful farm and take care of his family. However, in a sort of martyrdom, he decided to take his life for the benefit of his family. Mr. Shimerda clearly felt that his presense was unnessesary, that he was only a burden on his family that would continue to hold them back. By committing suicide, Mr. Shimerda knew deep down that his neighbors would come to his familys aide, and would give them all the help and assistance they needed to get through that tough time. Although his intentions may have been cowardly, they were still good. However, this does not excuse the act of being a sin in the eyes of his God. A lesson should be learned from this situation, as well as the suicides of others in throughout history. As the saying goes, suicide is a permanent solution to a temporary problem. There is always hope for a better day, for happiness, for your prayers to be answered. The power to take ones life is the greatest power a man possesses, and he must never use it as a means to escape. Every day that you are alive you are making the choice to do so, and it is never too late to turn around and fix mistakes of the past. A famous quotation sums just about all of this up by Lina Wertmuller, and is as follows, Some rainy winter Sunday, when theres a little boredom, you should always carry a gun. Not to shoot yourself, but to know exactly that youre always making a choice. Even when you have hit the bottom, always remember that the only way left to go is up. Please note that this sample paper on Is Suicide a Sin? is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Is Suicide a Sin?, we are here to assist you. Your cheap custom college papers on Is Suicide a Sin? will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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Vietnam War

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The Impact of the Vietnam War on the People of America The Vietnam War was one of the most tragic wars in American history. The affects it had on the American people were tremendous. Even today many Americans have the frightening, unforgettable memories of the war. The war was accounted to be over in 17, but Americans still suffer the aftershocks of a national trauma that has left the nation bitterly divided and estranged from its ideals. Although the painful memories will be eased, they will never be fully healed. Today I will have the pleasure of interviewing a close friend of the family. He has been a friend of the family for about fifteen years and I've personally known him for about ten of those years. Off course his identity will be kept confidential. I will be asking him many questions on his views and opinions of the Vietnam war. I will also be asking him questions about life at home during this painful time in American society. The aftershock left from the war and how life went on after this horrible experience.During the 160's my subject was a young eighteen year old with a bright future ahead of him. He was growing up in a small town just north of Corpus Christi Texas. Life at home was comfortable in his words. His family wasn't poor or wealthy. But some how they always managed to get what they needed or asked for. From the very beginning he was worried about the war. Being a young teenager he was still confused about all the drama surrounding the war. Reason for protesting and why or why not to enter the war was all confusing. Why they were fighting in this war was also another question he wondered. All that he knew was that he should volunteer for the war because that was the right thing to do. When he would talk to his mom and dad about volunteering for the war his family was fine with his decision to try to volunteer for the war. So he and his best friend would make a little trip up north to an army recruiter in San Antonio Texas. They would have to take a test and to his disappointment he would fail the test. First of all he was flat footed and he couldn't see all that well. So there would be no war for him. He would go back to his everyday life in a small town and continue being a boy. He said that because he felt if he would have entered the war at that point it would of made him and whoever entered the war men. Because in war you had to grow up fast. My subject has mixed feelings about the draft. One thing about the draft that he didn't like was that it was taking these immature eighteen year olds and sending them to war against these trained men. These men they would go to war against were killing machines, which had an advantage of fighting in their own environment, rigged with tunnels and other traps. He was trying to explain how they're our some eighteen and nineteen year old men who are mature enough to go into war at such a young age. But there were also some kids from his area who were not ready physically or mentally for war. He then turned the table and asked me to take a moment and just think of myself or some of my high school classmates in war. Just to think of my friends or myself in war at such a young age was scary. He also felt bad because he went to volunteer for this war and was rejected while others who didn't want to go into the war were being drafted. Luckily for him there was no close relatives or friends who were drafted into the war. The only reason he was lucky for that was because during the time of the war he didn't have to worry about close friends or relatives in the war fighting. He points out during this time no one in the American society were "lucky" because in a way everyone was suffering because of the war. But there were some classmates he didn't know all to well who were drafted and went to war. He points out how there was some classmates that he doesn't know how they would react when they actually went into combat. There were also some classmates which like himself went to go volunteer. When I brought up "draft dodgers" my subject would take a moment to think about his answer. For this answer he also had mixed feelings. He would then reply with Coming from such a small community that everyone was brought up on respect and becoming men his early opinions about draft dodging was they were cowards. People who didn't have the strength and courage to fight for their country. But as time went on he would later view draft dodging as "hey they did what they had to do". If they were avoiding a war that the US should have been in they would be cowards. But we shouldn't have been in this war and there was no good for us in this war. So his simple answer was they did what they had to do. He doesn't really remember being told any war stories from people that actually experienced the war. But he remembers hearing stories that were pass to him from friends who had relatives in the war. He does recall one main point about the war from stories heard. In all the stories he remembers being told how the Vietnamese were so battle ready. How one minute they were there shooting and the next minute they were gone. Many traps were set up all through the fields and many tunnels would be found. It was like they had been preparing for war all their lives. He also recalls many horrible killings and battles. His comment on that was they were so gruesome that he doesn't know or at least he hopes they were being exaggerated when they were being told to him.

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When asked how did his community felt about those serving in the war his reply was that his community was nothing like those seen on TV or heard of from the radio reports. Coming from such a small ranching and farming with some industrial community everyone was proud of their boys for being brave and fighting in the war. Parents were proud to have their sons fighting for their country. In his community he never experienced riots or acts of protest against the war. For when the boys came home they were welcomed back into the community. They were viewed as being brave and fighting for there country. When asked why was his community like this compared to all the protest going on in the united states at the time about how our boys shouldn't be fighting in a war we shouldn't be involved in. His reply to that after a moment of thinking was his community is so small that the only right thing to do was back each other. Off course the reason for fighting the war was questioned but the fact is that this small community which everyone basically new each other in some kind a way and every family had ties to all the other family's in a way the only thing to do was back and support each other and pray everyone came home safe. They had no time to argue or protest. No one in this community really had enough money to go out to Washington or any other important sites to join protest. Now I would ask him about the status of military today. His reply was it has completely changed. Today those in the military our viewed as courageous and brave. Today you don't see as much protesting as you did in the Vietnam era. He says even to this day the United States gets themselves involved in situations we shouldn't be involved in and sometimes American soldier's get killed in these unnecessary attempts to bring peace to wherever they are at. But these soldiers our viewed as heroes and seen as fighting for a good cause. My next question was why is the Vietnam war not talked about. With a smerk his reply was that this country takes so much pride in their military power. Pride in knowing we can basically defeat anyone in war that when this little country defeated us it was like everyone was shock. How did we lose so many lives was the question everyone was asking. He also added that all Americans want to forget this time of tragedy because we lost so many young lives kids that were our future for no reason at all.My next question would be what was life like after the war. While nodding his head in almost a manner of discuss and sadness he said it was tough. For the next couple of year maybe even the next decade the boys who came back home had to deal with some rough times. It was like only half of the battle was over for them. Now they would have to enter society and start all over. Many now had physical disabilities and many had mental disabilities. Now they would have to deal with a society that didn't want them fighting in the war in the first place. Many family's and friends were torn apart because of the war and for those who lost a close one it was even more difficult to understand why their loved one died. It was a sad time for the United States he replies. He would also give another reason why it was tough. Because we came home not winning the war. This was the first time in our history we were defeated in battle and that was also tough to swallow.By doing this interview I gained so much and learned so much about this era in American society. I would learn the feeling from a small community. How there views of the war were so different from the bigger cities in America. I was shocked to hear how this small community and many other small community's around the Unites States had so much pride in their children who were fighting for their country. I also didn't know that people were getting rejected from entering the war. I thought that the United States was in so much need for soldiers that anyone and everyone were being taken. I was shocked to hear they were rejecting some who wanted to be in the war therefore having to draft those who didn't want to be in the war. During the interview my subject pointed out how even though he was flat footed and couldn't see that good he would of been more useful then a scared eighteen year old who was lost and confused and probably ended up being killed. He was sad when he said that. But if you think about it that does make sense. Its like someone who wants to be in the game will have a better chance of succeeding compared to someone who is scared and doesn't want the ball hit to them. Its sad to think of these kids thrown into war not prepared. Another aspect I learned from this interview that I had never thought about was the young men who had to go to war. I sat for a while and tried to imagine some of my friends in war. I tried to imagine how I would be in war. I have trouble with everyday small activities I couldn't imagine the pressure of having to go out into war and fire at someone. Seeing someone killed in front of me would terrify me. Trying to imagine how scared these kids were. Some not ever being away from their family's or even out of their state and now they're in a country fighting in war. This was truly a horrible experience for those involved. For the many who lost their lives for no reason and for their family's this was a time that will never be forgotten. All that we can hope for is that the United States doesn't have to experience a time like this again. For America we cant forget about this time and we shouldn't be ashamed of talking about this time. There is so many of us who don't know anything about the Vietnam war and for those who lost their lives it would be only right for people of today to be informed about what happened during this time. That's why I fully agree with people like the bikers who do the run for the wall. All these men are doing is causing awareness for those who lost their lives. Sure this wasn't our war and we maybe shouldn't have fought in it but the simple fact is we did and we lost many American lives that can't be forgotten or not talked about. Please note that this sample paper on Vietnam War is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Vietnam War, we are here to assist you. Your persuasive essay on Vietnam War will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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The Awkening

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The Awakening by Kate ChopinIn The Awakening, Kate Chopin brings out the essence through the characters of her novel. In this novel Edna Pontellier faces many problems because she is an outcast from society. As a result of her isolation from society she has to learn to fit in and deal with her problems. This situation causes her to go through a series of awakenings that help her find herself, but this also causes problems with her husband because she loses respect for him and the society she lives in. Throughout the novel she is faced with unfavorable circumstances which confuse and eventually kill her. Written from the perspective of a woman, I found that this story rendered my greatest emotional appeal. It is a story of a woman, Edna Pontellier, who transforms herself from an obedient housewife to a person who is alive with strength of character and emotions that she no longer has to suppress. The metamorphosis is shaped by her surroundings. It is the narrow minded view of society in Victorian times that makes this story possible. Just as her behavior is more shocking and horrifying because of her position in society, it is that very position which causes her to feel restrained and makes her want to rebel against convention. Is Edna truly awakened at the end of the story? A typical Victorian woman maintained her sphere, which believed that womens personal life is centered around home, husband, and children. Women were supposed to accept this position in the home happily and be satisfied. It never satisfied Edna, who always seemed out of place when with other woman. She was a wife and mother, but not a typical Victorian wife and mother. With regards to her children,Their absence was sort of relief. It seemed to free her of a responsibility which she blindly assumed and for which fate had not fitted her(Chopin)..Even early on, she reveals ideas uncommon to Victorian society. She tries to maintain her roles, but it is very difficult to her. The person who Edna truly admires the most is Mademoiselle Reiz, who is a brilliant artist and pianist. Mademoiselle Reiz is widely misunderstood because she is an eccentric, bold and does not conform to the traditional role of a woman in Victorian society. It's her music that touches Edna. Edna claimed that something inside her stirred and she felt alive like she had never felt before(Chopin). It is at this moment that I believe that Edna began to awake and see the beauty of life. It is this awakening inside Edna that made me connect with this story.

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This was in great contrast to her boring marriage to Leonce. I could not blame Edna for striving towards that feeling of being alive. Ednas marriage to Leonce is safe, but there is no passion or excitement. She grew fond of her husband, realizing with some unaccountable satisfaction that no trace of passion or excessive and fictitious warmth colored her affection, thereby threatening its desolation(Chopin). While this lack of emotion is enough to satisfy Edna for the majority of the marriage, after she allows her true self to come forward, she feels trapped and seeks to escape. As the story progresses, Edna focuses on her desires rather than what her husband wants. Edna disregards her husband's appeals to conform and continues to do what she wants. These desires eventually lead her to commit adultery, which in Victorian times would be disastrous for a woman. One must admire Ednas courage even if they do not agree with her decision to commit adultery. It is this aspect of adultery and disregards for the norms of Victorian society that led Chopin to receive rejection when the book was first published. Sadly, what Victorians saw as a rejection of convention on behalf of Edna can almost be seen as convention today. This is what makes the setting and time that The Awakening takes place in so important to the story. So was Edna truly awakened in the story? As the novel continues, Edna continues to feel trapped in the restricted environment and ultimately commits suicide to leave the world that will not let her leave her traditional role. Edna tried to maintain her role as long as she could, but it became too much for her , and she needed to do the best thing. In her mind, that meant killing herself in the water, which had no boundaries and restrictions.In a sense, one could argue that she was not truly free because she ended up killing herself. On the other hand, she had been awakened to the beauty and joy of life. In Victorian times however, I dont think that Edna would have been happy living another day restricted by the outrageous norms of society at that time. I feel, although, harsh, that she ultimately found happiness in death. The Awakening is truly a powerful story. The status of women in 1th century literature according to Chopin was that women had individuality and independence, which seemed to be overlying theme in this story. Kate Chopin uses Creole Society in the 180s as a basis for her novel and expresses it through Creole women, personal relationships, and etiquette. The Awakening is a book based on French Creoles and their lifestyle which is expressed throughout the novel. Creoles were French Creole Society descendents of French and Spanish Colonists of the 1700s. They had strong family ties because of Catholicism and were a tight community because they where considered outcasts of Anglo- American society. They loved to dance, gamble, fish, attend feasts, play on the fiddle and to live without much thought of the morrow. Creoles were very lively outgoing people because of their comfortable tight society. Activities such as Mardi Gras and Sunday afternoon Mass holiday spirits contribute the liveliness of these people. A large reason for their comfort and "live for the moment" attitude was that Creoles did not move west like most other colonists to claim land. Instead they stayed in relatively the same area and just grew in population without consumption of other lands. This caused a shortage of land so it had to be repeatedly divided among the families and it also made it difficult for the plantation system to operate successfully. Until 1888 the husband was legal guardian and was given custody of the children when in a divorce. In the 180 segregation was legalized, but blacks horizons were expanding also. In Creole society people are generally very warm and open, having plentiful long relationships. A mother's relationship with her children is usually very close, loving, and caring. The children are usually constantly pampered by their mother. "Creole women, were women who idolized their children worshipped their husbands, and respected it's holy privilege to eliminate themselves as individuals and grow wings as ministering angels" (Chopin). Edna Pontellier, was not this type of mother though, she "was not a mother-woman"(Chopin). Edna is just not able to fit in to the Creole society because she was raised in such a foreign way from what Creoles exhibit, it is just too difficult. Just little signs of affection towards her are difficult for her to grasp. She becomes confused when Madame Ratignolle touches her hand during a conversation. She was not accustomed to an outward and spoken expression of affection, either in herself or others. Unbelievably, Edna and her husband are the most distant of all people because they were basically forced into marriage. He limits her and this infuriates her to the point where she gives up and just does as she pleases. He does this by speaking to her like a kid and treating her like a piece of property that he drags around because it is improper for a man of his stature not to be married. Robert is the only person in which she has a full relationship with. Unfortunately their relationship is limited they can only truly be friends. Since Adele Ratignolle doesn't want this relationship to be taken too far or seriously she tells Robert. She is not one of us; she is not like us. She makes the unfortunate blunder of taking you seriously. The relationships that Edna has just continue to confuse her and inspire her at the same time. This confuses her, making her think that she is fitting in fine when in fact she is really in a mess, and is too deep to be changed into a French-Creole women of any standards. French-Creole women are thought of and shown to be very well rounded admirable women. They have many talents, skills, and a special way of life. Creole Women are artistic by nature; they paint and play and sing. They not only speak French, but usually several other languages also. In their speech they are usually very clear and articulate using gestures to ensure their point. Women in the Creole culture tend to be beautiful with a dark complexion, long black hair, and deep dark eyes. These were for Mrs.Chopin the conditions of civility. People openly liked one another, enjoyed life, and savored its sensual riches. Creole women are very open and forward but also very careful with whom they make friends with. They show no shame and are very modest, never expressing their hardships. Creole women are mostly surrounded by religion, which is spread throughout their large families and help give them a sense of belonging and an identity. During the 180s woman began to become more recognized and started gathering power and strength in their society. They also were being allowed to expand possibilities, which are strongly shown through the French-Creole culture. Women were getting many jobs that were as physicians, captains, storeowners, florists , and many others, although they were not being accounted for. In Creole culture, etiquette and behavior takes a large part of their society. This is why it is very important to be as proper as possible otherwise it could be very offending to another party or especially their friends. At all times it is best to avoid all causes for complaint. It is necessary for a woman who wants recognition in society to display, Her politeness and engaging manners, or skill in music, along with the dressing up of her house. It should never be allowed by a lady, the disrespect of her husband, advice degrading him because confidants are dangerous persons. When a Creole woman is walking through the streets she should walk quietly while being unnoticeable as possible. If she comes upon someone she recognizes they should be acknowledged with a bow and friends addressed with a verbal greeting. When riding in a carriage a women's dress should not be flashy or expensive. It should be made of silks, velvets, and laces. The dress can drag a little but if it does too much dirt or soil could destroy it. A lady in Creole culture should always dress for the occasion, especially when going out to dinners or any special occasion. When going out to dinners the dress should be a full length silk or velvet material for winter and a light lavish material for summertime. Jewelry should be worn all over being the best that can be attained and the dress color should be a light neutral tint. When receiving calls a females dress should be of silk or other light materials, but plain with dullish colors. It should be worn with cuffs, lace collars, and light amount of jewelry, but when worn for special holidays or evenings the dress should be livened up. In all, The Awakening, vividly describes French-Creole culture and gives a strong feeling of it's Society in the 180s. Women individuality and independence seem to be an overlying theme in this story. Chopin also describes Creole women, personal relationships, and the etiquette of Creoles throughout her Novel. Creole Society has a very close community that results in a fun and comfortable society. That was definitely shown in The Awakening, but not felt by Edna Pontellier who was just trying to find herself for her whole life. When she get intermixed with Creoles it showed her what she was missing, but was not able to grasp so that she could fit in to society for once. Please note that this sample paper on The Awkening is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on The Awkening, we are here to assist you. Your persuasive essay on The Awkening will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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Human Resource

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INTRODUCTIONToday in the 1st century, we can see many organizations all around us. Organisation exists for many different reasons. Some organization exists to provide products and some to provide services. Some are in for the profit but some are not. In order to achieve their objectives organizations rely heavily on the resources they have.Regardless on the resources organizations require to achieve their objectives, the human resource is always the most important essence to the success of any organisation (Nankervis, Compton and McCarthy, 1).To start our discussion, first we must understand the concept of human resource management. The simple meaning of HRM is managing people within the employer and employee relationship, this means that it involves the productive use of people in achieving the organizations strategic business objectives and to reach the point of satisfaction for employee needs (Stone, 18).

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Next we must also understand the concept of strategic management, according to Thompson and Strickland (18), strategic management can be defined as the process whereby managers establish an organization's long-term direction, set specific performance objectives as well as to develop strategies to achieve the objectives.Putting both this concepts together, we will be able to discuss further on the roles and responsibilities of the organisation personnel in order to achieve strategic management of the organization's human resource.Five of the personnel that we are going to discuss include the Chief Executive Officer, Human Resource Manager, Training Manager, Team Supervisor and Department Manager. With each of the personnel, the discussion will outline each role and functions, the responsibilities as well as the evaluation measures to ensure that it will lead the organisation to achieve its goals.ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF A CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER (CEO)An organisation basically means that it is a systematic arrangement of people to accomplish specific purpose (Robbins & Mukerji, 14). There are many levels of management, from the top management levels to the lower management. All of these positions play an important role in determining the success of the organisation.The CEO is the most important person in the organisation. The title CEO carries a heavy responsibility in the organisation. The CEO carries with it the mantles of chief direction setter, objective setter, vision setter, mission setter, strategy maker and strategy implementer of the whole organisation (Thompson &Strickland, 18). The CEO have to adopt the role as a figurehead and leader in the whole organisation they act as a symbolic head of the firm and are to perform a number of routine duties of a legal or social nature (Robbins & Mukerji, 14).The CEO also acts in the decisional roles as an entrepreneur that search for organisation opportunities to initiate improvement to the organisation. They are also responsible for to lead the organisation away from disturbances for external factors. (Robbins & Mukerji, 14).Therefore, as a CEO, they are responsible to plan and organise effectively and efficiently as well as to make the correct decision to lead the whole organisation into an effective organisation.Some other small roles that CEO is responsible for are that they are to be present to every Board meetings as well as Annual meetings. They would also have to work interdependently and to keep the organisation focus and pro-active. They must also work closely with other top management executives. ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF A HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGERAccording to Stone (18), there are four key roles for a human resource manager is to be 1) a strategic partner, this allows the HR manager to be a part of the business team. They need to know the business of the organisation thoroughly. ) an administrative expert, they have to be the organisation's behavioural science experts in areas as staffing, development, appraisal, rewards, training, communication and design. ) an employee champion, they must be able to relate with the employees and 4) a change agent, here they must be able to serve as a catalyse for change within the organisation. It is clear that as a HR manager, he or she must be able to reach all different levels in the organisationHR Manager needs to operate at three distinct levels; 1) at the strategic level, HR managers are involved in the corporate and human resource planing, ) at the operational level they are responsible to develop action plans to meet present labour needs, and ) at the functional level, they are to carry out as many activities to ensure that employees needs are meet, at this level they would play the role as an employee champion (Nankervis, Compton and McCarthy, 1).Other activities that a HR Manager are responsible to look into are recruitment, career planning and development, employee motivation, compensation and benefits, industrial relations and learn to manage diversity in culture (Stone, 18).ROLES AND REPONSIBILITIES OF A TRAINING MANAGERAs job demands, employee skills have to be change to make the performance better. The training manager is therefore responsible for deciding when the employees are in need of training and what form of training should take part (Robbins & Mukerji, 14).The responsibility of the training manager also extend to part that they would have to plan and carry out the training as well as to get feedback and to evaluate the program. If the training is not done by the organisation then it will be carried out by a third party, and this is when they training manager have to create a liaison with them. (Nankervis, Compton and McCarthy, 1).ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF A DEPARTMENT MANAGERThe department manager sits in the middle management level; they are equally important compare to top-level management as well as the lower level management. As a department manager, their responsibility is to overlook on the whole department. For example, a marketing department manager will be in charged of the whole marketing department.In this position, the department manager performs a number of tasks in the flow of direct supervision above and below. The department managers are responsible to collect feedback on the performance of their own department and report to the higher-level management. They are also responsible to formulate strategy for the department and evaluate the department's performance (Mintzberg, 18).ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF A TEAM SUPERVISORTeam supervisors are first-line managers. Basically they do not do much on planing, organising or even controlling. They are responsible in leading the rest of the team to work together (Robbins & Mukerji, 14).Almost similar roles to the department manager, they lead a smaller group of employees. For example, a team supervisor in a production department in a car manufacturing plant may look after the team that spray paint the car. Again these team supervisors will report to the department manager regarding any issues. In short the team supervisors are like the communication tool between the operatives and the middle management (Mintzberg, 18).EVALUATION MEASURES In every position in an organisation be it the top level or the lower level, there has to be some form of performance evaluation. There are a few ways to evaluate performance .one might use the performance appraisal. Performance appraisal can be defined as the evaluation of an individuals work performance in order to arrive at objective personnel decisions (Robbins & Mukerji, 14).A performance appraisal can be used in all levels of management regardless of which position a person hold. It can be used to improve current performance, as a feedback, increase motivation, identify training needs, identify potential, solve underlying problems within the organisation (Torrington & Hall, 15).There are a few performance appraisal methods; it can be in a written essay, whereby the evaluator outlines the description of an employee's strengths, weaknesses, past performance and potential and makes suggestions for improvement. Critical incidents can also be used as a technique to evaluate performance. In this method, the evaluator lists key behaviours that separate effective from ineffective job performance. The other method would be the graphic rating scale, where by an evaluator will rate a set of performance factors on a scale and then analyses it to provide feedback (Robbins & Mukerji, 14).Individuals no matter what position they hold in the organisation are appraised by a variety of people. Many appraisal is usually done by the immediate manager as they would be the best person that has the most knowledge of the tasks that the individual has been carrying out and how well that they have perform it (Torrington & Hall, 15).In cases like evaluating the CEO, the HR department cannot use the appraisal done by immediate manager. For cases like this, usually the appraisal will evaluate by peers in the case of the CEO would be the Board of Directors. According to Latham and Wexley (181), peer ratings are both acceptably reliable and valid and have the advantage that peers have a more comprehensive view of the appraisee' job. Peer appraisal can also be carried out through all level of management.Apart from appraisals done within the organisation, in the service industry, customer appraisal in employees can be done. This information can be collected directly by the direct manager from internal customers. For example, the training manager may collect information from a department on the support given to them by their specified training officer. As for collecting information from an external customer can e done in a positive manner in terms of improving customer services (Torrington & Hall, 15).Apart from measuring performance, by performance appraisal, the organisation can evaluate the organisation personnel by production data, personal data, and training proficiency.Production data can be evaluated by the results of work. This comprises things that can be counted, seen, and compared from one employee to another. Such measures are usually base upon the specific nature of the job tasks (Gatewood & Field, 10). For example, as a department manager, the profit that the department brings in to the organization can be a factor of measurement or it can also be the number of grievances filed by subordinates of the manager.The second type for production data that can be evaluated is the personal data. In this section, absenteeism, turnover, accidents, and promotions can be seen as an evaluation of the employees (Gatewood & Field, 10).The third type of evaluation is the training proficiency; this evaluation is usually carried out after a training program, as it is a measure of employees' performance immediately after completion of training (Gatewood & Field, 10).After all the evaluation is completed, and feedback is returned, the HR department will then make sure that the performance can be improve in order to guide the organisation to become more effective and efficient than before. CONCLUSIONIn every organisation, it is essential that the organisation must become strategic in managing their human resource. Be it the top level management or the middle management even the lower level management, they all play a role in the success of an organisation. This not only determined better performance in the future, but also allows the organisational personnel to be more focus on the roles and this will put a positive sign on their peers and subordinates.With the roles and responsibilities of each organisational personnel and the ways to evaluate performance is outline, it is clear that it will lead the organisation into a strategic human resource management. Please note that this sample paper on Human Resource is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. 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Animal Rights

If you order your custom term paper from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on Animal Rights. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality Animal Rights paper right on time.

Our staff of freelance writers includes over 120 experts proficient in Animal Rights, therefore you can rest assured that your assignment will be handled by only top rated specialists. Order your Animal Rights paper at affordable prices !Their sentence to death begins the moment they are born. Malnourished and weak, a mother catches only a glimpse of her newborn before he is taken away. It is her eleventh child, and like the rest, she will never see him again. The infant is left in a small room with only a machine to feed from. His diet is force fed hormones and chemicals. In a few weeks, his cage becomes too small to even turn around. He spends the days in boring agony, his only physical stimulation being the sounds of loud machinery, and the stench of his own excrement. He is small and emaciated, with no exposure to the sun, lacking the bone and muscle strength to do anything but sit. He could not run even if the bars would open. What is his fate? To be raped and eventually murdered like the sisters before him, or to live everyday like his fallen brothers, tortured for years before their slaughter? No, he is a fortunate child, for his death will not be long waited. Just one month after his birth, the veil calf is shipped by truck to a giant factory. Alone and restrained, his feet are fettered by chain. It gnaws at his ankles, but it is nothing compared to what is to come. A large man approaches him with mallet in hand. The calf screams the only way he knows how as his skull is crushed and throat is slit. His last sight is the ground five feet below, as the blood from his wound slowly bleeds his life away.This is a true story; a story that plays out thousands of times a day. It takes place not just in far off third world countries or in uncivilized cultures, but also in the rural areas of backyard America, where non-human animals are tortured and put to death everyday. They have no legal protection, and they pass away with little sympathy from the people they feed, or the corporations they die for. These are abominable practices that deserve serious re-evaluation. The case for animal rights is a case for understanding, not only for the unbearable conditions of the animal industry, but also the notion of specism and animal equality.The animal industry is made up of live animals being exploited and killed for the use of food, clothing, and other material products. Nearly all animals bred for slaughter and exploitation are raised in factory farms, where thousands of animals are housed in unsuitable living conditions, and treated more as property than living beings. Understanding the conditions of this industry is a matter of education. The story above is one account of one calf's tragedy, but there is not enough ink on the planet to write the horror of every animal who is born to die.In factory farm conditions, chickens are given less than half a square foot of space per bird, and all have the ends of their beaks cut off. Todays meat chickens have been genetically altered to grow twice as fast, and twice as large as their ancestors (Coats 4). Many suffer health problems as a result of their treatment, and die before the age of 6 weeks. Once inside the slaughterhouse, fully conscious birds are hung by their feet from metal shackles on a moving rail. The first station on most poultry slaughterhouse assembly lines is the stunning tank, where the birds heads are submerged in an electrified bath of water. After passing through the stunning tank, a mechanical blade slashes the birds' throats, and blood begins rushing out of their bodies. Inevitably, the blade misses some birds who then proceed to the next station on the assembly line, the scalding tank. Here they are submerged in boiling hot water. Birds missed by the killing blade are boiled alive.

Prior to being hung up by their back legs and bled to death, cattle are supposed to be rendered unconscious. This "stunning" is usually done by a mechanical blow to the head. The procedure is terribly imprecise, and inadequate stunning is inevitable. The result of poor stunning is conscious animals hanging upside down, kicking and struggling, while a slaughterhouse worker makes another attempt to render them unconscious. Eventually, like chickens, the animals will be stuck in the throat with a knife, and blood will gush from their bodies whether or not they are unconscious. Fish seem to be the forgotten animal of the industry. It is strangely believed that fish have no feeling, a culturally programmed idea probably developed to justify the practice of fishing. As sentient beings, fish do in fact feel pain. After being born and raised in over crowded and diseased tanks, aquaculture fish are loaded into oxygenated tanker trucks bound for the kill plant. Upon arriving at the processing plant, the tanker trucks pour their cargo, water and fish, into large metal mesh cages. As the water pours through, fish who have survived the ordeal of harvest and transportation die of suffocation. In some restaurants, fish are actually eaten alive. They are eviscerated and filleted, and delivered to the serving table. The eye is covered so that the fish will not see and react to diners reaching for parts of his/her body.Modern breeding pig sows are treated like piglet making machines. Living a continuous cycle of impregnation and birth, the sows each have more than 0 piglets per year. At two to three weeks of age, piglets are taken away from their mothers, by which time, approximately 15% will have died (Coats 10). The piglets tails are cut off to minimize tail biting, an abnormal behavior that occurs when these highly intelligent animals are kept in deprived factory farm environments. In addition, notches are taken out of the piglets ears for identification. The air in hog factories is laden with dust, dander, and noxious gases that are produced by the animals urine and feces. Studies of workers in swine confinement buildings have found 60 percent to have breathing problems, despite their spending only a few hours a day inside confinement buildings (Coats 104). Like most animals, pigs too are hung upside down, ineffectively "stunned" and "stuck" in the throat to bleed to death. Hopefully they are dead before their skin is boiled.The conditions listed above summarize only a few accounts of animal cruelty as perpetrated by humans. The conditions of the dairy industry and practice of vivisection have not even been touched upon. Still, even knowing the harsh conditions of the animal industry, one may not be convinced that there is need for change. The basis of animal rights is not only rooted in a never-ending list of horror stories, for even in the most "humane" killing conditions, it would not be justified to kill animals at all. The next step to understanding animal rights is overcoming a deeply rooted falsehood of the human relationship with the world Just as it has been accepted that all humans are equal regardless of race, it should also be understood that all animals are equal, regardless of species.Speciesism is term coined by Peter Singer in his book Animal Liberation and is defined as "Human intolerance or discrimination on the basis of species, especially as manifested by cruelty to or exploitation of animals" (Singer 1). Just as it is racist to act as if whites are superior to non-whites, and as it is sexist to act as if men are superior to woman, it is speciesist to live as though humans are superior to non-humans In order to understand speciesism, one must consider how far the individual extends his/her grounds for equality and why. It would be assumed that many people judge others, be they men or women, black or white, as equal because society has come to recognize their greater similarities. It is understood that, perhaps different in race or gender, all people can excel in every task considered relevant if given equal opportunity. Now, does this mean animals should not be treated as equals because, for example, they cannot vote? Of course not, as voting has no significance to a dog or a cow or a pig because they cannot do it. Similarly, does this mean men should not be treated as equals because they cannot have an abortion? Of course not, as having an abortion has any significance to a man, because they cannot carry children. The animals of the world exist for their own reasons. They were not made for humans any more than black people were made for whites or women for men. The case for animal rights does not call for similar rights based on comparatively trivial differences, but equal rights based on inherent overriding equalities. It is not important whether or not they can speak or reason or vote. It is important that they can feel pain and terror and heartbreak, just as humans, and it is therefore unjust to condemn them to such a life, born to die. All the arguments to prove mans superiority cannot shatter this hard fact In suffering, the animals are our equals" (Singer 76). Perhaps it is time to rethink human values. Why is 6 million human deaths called genocide, while billions of non-human deaths that occur yearly is called "industry?" What worth is the human commitment to harmony, justice, peace, and love as long as we continue to support the suffering and shame of the slaughterhouse? Just because humans cannot relate with the lives of non-humans does not mean it is right to breed, confine, and slaughter them. Just because their capacity for learning may not equal humans does not mean it is right to test harmful products on them. Just as it is understood that it is not right to kill a black man because he is not white or a women because she is not male, it is not right to kill a cow because he is not human. Therefore, just as gender and race equality adaptations have been made, it is now become evident that our bases for equality must also be extended to other non-human species. The fact that man knows right from wrong proves his intellectual superiority to the other creatures; but the fact that he can do wrong proves his moral inferiority to any creatures that cannot."We are the living graves of murdered beasts, slaughtered to satisfy our appetites. How can we hope in this world to attain the peace we say we are so anxious for?"--George Bernard Shaw. Maybe the future will hold a new day for human and non-human animals alike. A day where the stockyards and factory farms are silent. A day when all animals are treated with respect to their lives, and let to live for their own. A day when a mother's calf is left to live. Like slavery, some day people may look back on the horrible practices of the animal industry in disgust, and live more peaceful knowing that such conditions have been abolished. Such a day could only be reached when people realize the inhumane conditions of the animal industrial world, and that the value of non-human life is equal to our own. Works CitiedCoats, David, and Michael Fox. Old MacDonalds Factory Farm The Myth of the Traditional Farm and the Shocking. Boston; Routledge, 14 Carmile, Michael. "What's Wrong With Dairy?" S.T.A.R.T. Newsletter 8 December 00.Didion, Joan. "Tax Meat." 18. April 00 www.taxmeat.com Raport, Bonnie. "Factory Farming in Missouri." S.T.A.R.T. Newsletter 4 May 00.Singer, Peter. Animal Liberation. Boston Penguin Book Publishing, 17. Please note that this sample paper on Animal Rights is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Animal Rights, we are here to assist you. Your cheap custom college paper on Animal Rights will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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Slavery

If you order your cheap custom essays from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on slavery. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality slavery paper right on time.

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William Lloyd Garrison once said, "I will be as harsh as truth, and uncompromising as justice... I am in earnest, I will not equivocate, I will not excuse, I will not retreat a single inch, and I will be heard."# It was people like Garrison who made the abolition what is was. They knew slavery was wrong, and would not tolerate it. Slavery was an ghastly institution made in the purpose of the South would flourish. When one thinks of the South in the time of the Civil War, they think of cotton and plantations. In order to keep the cotton and crop production high, they used slaves that were kidnapped from their native countries and brought the US for labor. Slaves were treated inhumanely, barbarically, and were forced to insufferable hours on the plantations. The slaves were treated as animals--they were sold just as a cow or a horse would be. If they didn't obey their owner completely they would be severely beaten. Many times slaves would be sold apart from their family, never to be seen again by their loved ones. The only declaration the powerless slaves could make was that they were entitled to their freedom. Although they couldn't declare this right out loud, they found another option. Escape. The process was perilously fatal, but the dream of liberation drove them on. The system of escape was called the Underground Railroad. The Underground Railroad was believed by some to be the most dramatic protest action against slavery in United States history. It was a furtive operation that began during the colonial period, later became part of organized abolitionist activity in the 1th century, in 180 - 1865, reaching it's peak during the time of the Civil War. The story of the Underground Railroad is one of individual sacrifice and heroism in the efforts of assisting the enslaved to their rightful freedom. Abolitionists were vital to the escape of slaves. They were zealous believers of freedom for all, and were active in liberating slaves in every way possible. Frederick Douglass, an ex fugitive slave himself, was known for his passionate speeches "Would you have me argue that man is entitled to liberty? that he is the rightful owner of his own body? You have already declared it. Must I argue the wrongfulness of slavery? Is that a question for republicans? Is it to be settled by the rules of logic and argumentation, as a matter beset with great difficulty, involving a doubtful application of the principle of justice, hard to be understood? How should I look today in the presence of Americans, dividing and subdividing a discourse, to show that men have a natural right to freedom, speaking of it relatively and positively, negatively and affirmatively? To do so, would be to make myself ridiculous, and to offer an insult to your understanding. There is not a man beneath the canopy of heaven that does not know that slavery is wrong for him." # Douglass, and other abolitionists such as William Lloyd Garrison, Harriet Tubman, and Levi Coffin were fearless freedom fighters who paved the long road to equality. The Underground Railroad facilitated the end of slavery during the Civil War by its inspirational abolitionists, fugitive slaves, and safe houses. The abolitionists of the Civil War were courageous fighters for what they believed in. They were firm believers of anti-slavery and that slaves should attain the same Constitutional rights that other citizens had. Some well known abolitionists like William Garrison delivered speeches declaring the rightful freedom of the slaves. Many abolitionists had strong religious beliefs. Religious groups, called Quakers, were dedicated to abolishing slavery. Harriet Tubman was among the religious abolitionists, and was known to have followed the North Star while leading fugitives to freedom. Abolitionists such as Harriet Tubman, Frederick Douglass, and William Garrison helped slaves to freedom through the Underground Railroad.

College papers on slavery

Harriet Tubman, a well-known female abolitionist, was a fearless ex-slave who was described as the "Moses" of the Underground Railroad. She was a no nonsense kind of woman, and those whom she lead to freedom knew this about her. Tubman once said to those who she was helping, "times are very critical and therefore no foolishness should be indulged in on the road."# Tubman was born into slavery around 181 in Maryland. She lived a painful life full of oppression and abuse from her owners. When Tubman was 5 she married, and five years later she made her great escape to freedom. After freeing herself, Tubman continuously made her way back to Maryland to rescue her family members. She was believed to have led 00 slaves to the North. Those around her never doubted her fearlessness. Tubman held many connections with other esteemed abolitionists including John Brown, Frederick Douglass, and Gerrit Smith. Harriet Tubman was admired by her colleagues and those who were fortunate enough to have escaped the oppression of slavery through her guidance. Another great abolitionist was Frederick Douglass. An ex-slave himself, he was compassionate towards helping liberate the enslaved . During the course of his extraordinary life he escaped from slavery, became internationally renowned for his passion in the cause of liberty, and served the national government in many ways. Since slaves weren't permitted to an education, Douglass secretly taught himself to read and write. Douglass played a large part in the Underground Railroad as a major "Stationmaster." He directly helped hundreds of slaves on their way to freedom in Rochester, New York. Douglass was an adamant contributor to the abolitionist movement. He believed that for himself and other abolitionists the Civil War wasn't the same as it was for the rest of the country. For the North, the war was to fight the South's want for secession. For the South it was to secede. For the abolitionists, the war was a relentless battle to end slavery. Douglass fought this battle by speeches, newspaper editorials, and his political connections. Douglass published the abolitionist newspaper, North Star, with the aid of money and a press provided by British philanthropists. The paper was published in Rochester, New York. Douglasss goals were to abolish slavery in all its forms and aspects, advocate universal emancipation, exalt the standard of public morality, and promote the moral and intellectual improvement of the colored people, and hasten the day of freedom to the Three Millions of our enslaved fellow countrymen.# The paper also advanced womens rights, a cause that Douglass had advocated since his participation in the first womens rights convention of 1848. Douglass also published another abolitionist paper, the Frederick Douglass Paper. Douglass was well acquainted with Abraham Lincoln and pressured him to release the Emancipation Proclamation, and to allow blacks to fight in the Union Army. Although things didn't always turn out as imagined, Douglass's aspirations did come true. Lincoln did release the Emancipation Proclamation, but only freed slaves in rebel territories. Lincoln did allow blacks to enlist in the Union Army, but they were underpaid and treated unequally. Despite these setbacks, Douglass pressed on in the name of abolition.William Lloyd Garrison was among those who strongly desired freedom for all in the country. He came for a middle class white family in Massachusetts. At the young age of 15 Garrison was already expressing his want of freedom for slaves; "There is one them which should be dwelt upon, till our whole country is free from the curse--SLAVERY."# These feelings of emancipation were carried with Garrison throughout his life. Garrison was jailed several times and treated inhumanely for declaring the dangerous doctrine of "all men are created equal…"# Garrison believed that emancipation couldn't be achieved through political processes, and did not support political action in any means. He believed in only nonviolent disobedience and was well known for his remarkable speeches. In one of his speeches titled, "The Governing Passion of My Soul," Garrison speaks of his ideals. "If your Union does not symbolize universal emancipation, it brings no Union for me. If your Constitution does not guarantee freedom for all, it is not a Constitution I can ascribe to. If your flag is stained by the blood of a brother held in bondage, I repudiate it in the name of God."# Garrison was a passionate abolitionist who took glory in the name of abolitionism. The freedom fighters during the Civil War were passionate and fearless. They wittingly stood up for what they believed was right and helped thousands of slaves to their freedom. Without their contribution, fugitives would have been alone in finding freedom, which would have been virtually impossible. They were active in the Underground Railroad, and diligent in spreading the right of freedom all over the country. Abolitionists were successful in sparking fervor in abolitionists to come. They inspired everyone around them with their passion. Abolitionists like Harriet Tubman, Frederick Douglass, and William Lloyd Garrison fueled the fire needed to end slavery, and weren't afraid to do so. In the Underground Railroad, it was the "Stationmaster's" job to deliver the "Passengers" to freedom. This process was life-threatening, but that didn't stop them.During the time of the Civil War, slaves were courageous people who endured unthinkable pain and suffering. Most people underestimate the role of escaped slaves in the Underground Railroad. The fugitives tend to be portrayed as helpless victims, but they were far from it. They had to be courageous, cunning, and strong to survive the circumstances they had to withstand to be free. They were veritable survivors who were motivated to find liberation and equality. Some of the fugitive slaves who obtained these qualities were William and Ellen Craft, Henry Brown, and Josiah Henson. William and Ellen Craft were among the bravest slaves of all. The husband and wife belonged to separate owners and plantations in Georgia, but that didn't come between the two and their remarkable plan to escape. Since the Crafts lived in the Deep South, the Underground Railroad didn't reach the slaves there, except in cases involving abolitionists such as Harriet Tubman. In order to make their escape to the Railroad, it was up to the Crafts to get themselves into a free state. Their cunning plan was to disguise Ellen Craft as a young, male plantation owner. Ellen could pull this off because her skin was light, due to her father being a white man. William was to be her slave. However, there were some obstructions to their plan. Most of men in those days wore beards, and Ellen could not write. Instead of trying to make a fake beard, Ellen wore a bandage around her chin and acted as if she had a toothache. The fact that she couldn't write wasn't as easy to conceal as the beard was. Ellen wore a sling on her right arm to avoid situations in which she would have to write. The Crafts soon came up with the idea that Ellen, the young planter, was very ill and had to go to Philadelphia to seek medical treatment. This falsehood proved to work well for the husband and wife, and they made their way to Philadelphia. Soon after they reaching the shelter of a Philadelphia safe house, the Fugitive Slave Law was passed. This allowed federal officers to capture fugitive slaves anywhere in the US, and they would be paid for it. William and Ellen, not ever wanting to feel the pain of slavery again, fled to England for safety. In England the couple did endure their share of hardships, but that wasn't reason enough for them to want to return to slavery. On the thought of ever returning to slavery, Ellen Craft once said, "…God forbid that I should ever be so false to liberty as to prefer slavery in it's stead…I had much rather starve in England, a free woman, than be a slave for the best man that ever breathed upon the American continent."# William and Ellen Craft were audacious seekers of freedom. Please note that this sample paper on slavery is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on slavery, we are here to assist you. Your cheap research papers on slavery will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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Hard Times and the critical view of Victorian society

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Research EssayThe novel, Hard Times written by Charles Dickens, presents a critical view of the political systems and events which society was based on, in the Victorian society. In the late 1800s England became revolutionary with the Industrial Revolution and the new class system, which brought more middle class citizens and their ideals into the government. As the author of Hard Times comes from a middle class background, Dickens positions the reader to agree with the middle classes point of view. The values which come through these texts come from a mixture of both Charles dickens personal values and of the middle classes. These values include changing the utilitarian system so there is a more effective education system, more rights for the factory workers at the time of the Industrial revolution and in general more freedom and justice for the pauper or the working class people, within the Laissez faire capitalist system. Through Hard Times, Dickens criticizes the way the government chooses to run the country. As a humanitarian, he argues that no matter what class a person is in, they should always have the benefit of having basic human rights, treated greater than the respect they had from the people from the upper class and that the human mind should be allowed to explore their imagination, as well as filling the mind with facts.The text Hard Times, shows a critical middle class view among the different parts of society. The education system is the first flaw mentioned in society. The education system has been founded by Mr. Thomas Gradgrind, who is the local MP. In the n1800s, the government was basically founded on the utilitarian theory - the greatest good for the greatest number. Mr. Gradgrind has also based his own beliefs in this theory and has made it the foundation and philosophy of his school. The result is the students in his school are seen as human beings, but as people who are born to be filled with facts, and as a consequence, the individual is meant to be a success in society. This relates to the belief of Thomas Carlyle, who was also a utilitarian that a babies mind is like a blank tablet, which is ready to be filled with facts and information. Mr. Gradgrind even shows this through his persona and the way he presents himself to other people and children. "… he seemed like some kind of cannon loaded to the muzzle with facts, and prepared to blow them clear out of the regions of childhood at one discharge." (p. 48) Dickens argument is that that even if filling children minds with fact and statistics, seems like the right action to take, the results can be disastrous, because it can end up killing the natural imagination, and can prevent a child of having a normal childhood. This is a weakness of the utilitarian education system, which Dickens points out, but he fails to recognize the good points of the system. Without it, millions of children would still be working in coal mines, which had created hazardous health conditions and they had also missed out on their childhood, which no child should be deprived of. The utilitarian system, is not liked by the people who are the middle class, mainly because it doesn't aid the nurturing of a persons imagination, which shouldn't be ignored, because along with rationality, comes the natural, spiritual side of a human being.The Industrial Revolution in the last half of the 1800s showed a significant increase in technology and the social aspect of the urban sprawl. Many people during this time lost their jobs to machines and many gained jobs in factories, mills and coalmines. This links into the idea of children who were working in the coal mines, until the utilitarian system was brought in, and then the children had an opportunity to get an education. Dickens presents a very negative view of the Industrial Revolution, because the people weren't getting the rights they were entitled to. The working class were living in the poorest conditions because they were given poor wages, long hours, appalling physical conditions and there was still a gender issue consisting of the main belief that men were more superior than women and that they were more entitled to be a manager than a woman would be and there were no benefits for anybody. At the end of the Industrial Revolution, it was found that the owner of the factory became very greedy and often tried ways to get even more profit at the expense of their workers. They would try to pay the lowest wage, fine the workers as often as they could, and even fine anybody who would take a little rest would be fined, even if they were pregnant. Charles Dickens message to the public was that the people who were working in the factories, didn't have any rights and he demonstrated this through the novel Hard Times. When parts of hard Times were publish in a magazine which dickens partly owned, the next day, after being published, there were strikes against the factory owners for higher wages, shorter hours etc. Dickens again realizes the bad points of the Industrial Revolution, and fails to see that the country was now able to get access to items which was produced more rapidly than before and then people were able to buy the products with a cheaper price, because of mass production. The criticism in Hard Times is to make the people aware of all the injustices at the this time, which did effect the people as they started to demonstrate against the owners, as soon as the novel Hard Times was published. Dickens also sees a weakness in the factories, with a humanitarian point of view. He believes that the workers shouldn't be generalized together as 'Hands', because when they are talked about in a group, the workers don't seem to have the right which they are entitled to have. The same theme also comes through the utilitarian system that human beings should have a right to have access to a healthy and enjoyable environment to work in, as well as better treatment from the employers, better wages and shorter hours. "The bell was ringing, and the Serpent was a Serpent of many coils, and the Elephant was getting ready." (p. 117) The Industrial Revolution had it made so that the workers had to do monotonous work because the machines were like elephants, and they never tired, or slowed down, so then the workers would have to work even more harder, because the human body sometimes needs to slow down. This shows that the Industrial revolution doesn't account for the mechanics of the human body.

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Throughout Hard Times shows elements of Laissez faire capitalism. This type of capitalism is meant to give the people more freedom; the freedom of choice; the freedom of non-government intervention. But in a sense this does not give the people anymore freedom or choice. For example, if a person was a factory worker, they would have the freedom to quit if they wanted to. But they still wouldn't be free, because the government does not give any benefits and to keep food on the table, the person would now have to look for a new job, but it would have same conditions and the same boss who would be trying their best to obtain as much profit as they could get. This is seen in Hard Times, where Stephen Balckpool is fired from his job just because Bounderby wanted to the amount of power he had over his employees. "But, his factory is a secret place, his work is noiseless, and his Hands are mutes." (p. 11) This quote demonstrates that in a way the workers do have a certain type freedom, but once they try to speak out against the factory owners, then they are not listened to, and as a consequence they can get fired. Stephen finally has to leave Coketown, because his reputation has been ruined by Bounderby, so he has to leave the town in order to look for more work, so he and survive. Through Hard Times, Dickens shows his thoughts about Laissez faire capitalism through the characters of Bounderby and Stephen Blackpool. He views the system as one which doesn't work in reality and criticizes it through the character of Stephen Blackpool. Stephen is one of the many working class who do not benefit from the system. People like Stephen Blackpool do not have the opportunity to make their own choices about what they want because they are part of the working class.During the time of the Industrial Revolution there was a change in society, regarding the classes. A new class was emerging, called the middle class. The middle class was defined as higher than the working class, but lower than the higher classes such as the aristocracy In Hard Times, Dickens does not present much criticism, but shows his views throughout the novel, that the middle class should be fighting for the rights of the people of who don't have any rights, or those who cannot stand up for themselves. Which in these times they did. Many people from the middles classes, started to emerge, helping the lower class people, by starting up trade unions and some people started to help by being a member of parliament, so that they could pass laws for the working class. The changes in the class structure were not mentioned much in Hard Times, only when Dickens introduced the characters. Later on in time, the middle class people have But it showed the position of class the characters were in, therefore showing who was mainly in control. Dickens shows this in characters such as Mr Gradgrind and Mr Bounderby. They have power over the working class, and if their nature is extremely greedy, like Mr. Bounderby they tend to try and make themselves look more superior than they really are, and especially try to put down the self esteem of people who are in the lower classes. Mr. Bounderby doesn't trust the working class to do their job, which shows that he thinks he is more superior than them. "…in order that Mr Bounderby might take the opportunity of seeing how the Hands got on in those parts, and wether they, too, required to be fed with gold spoons…" (p. 14) Through the characters, Dickens is able to show the opinion of the middle class people towards the lower class, despite the fact that the middle class, started out helping the lower class.In conclusion the Utilitarian system, the Industrial Revolution and Laissez Faire capitalism is harshly criticized by Charles Dickens because these systems don't allow for compassion and the nurturing of the aspect of a human beings imagination and self esteem. This is why Charles Dickens does not approve the utilitarian system, Laissez faire capitalism and the Industrial Revolution. One positive aspect of Dickens criticism, is that he doesn't criticize the middle class, because he believes that people who are the privileged should be defending the people who don't have any rights. Dickens believes that if actions are taken to include the compassion of humanity, the education system and the rights of people who are less privileged then the country's economy would be in a better state. Please note that this sample paper on Hard Times and the critical view of Victorian society is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Hard Times and the critical view of Victorian society, we are here to assist you. Your cheap custom college papers on Hard Times and the critical view of Victorian society will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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How good packaging design increase product sales

If you order your custom term paper from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on How good packaging design increase product sales. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality How good packaging design increase product sales paper right on time.

Our staff of freelance writers includes over 120 experts proficient in How good packaging design increase product sales, therefore you can rest assured that your assignment will be handled by only top rated specialists. Order your How good packaging design increase product sales paper at affordable prices !In the era of competitiveness, every company is going to increase profits by boosting their product sales. In fact, it is universally acknowledged that product sales can be affected by a number of factors such as advertising, sales promotion, personal selling and public relation (PR). Nonetheless, one of the most significant sales' influencers is packaging design. It has been used as a crucial marketing tool in order to establish a proper product image and positioning, induce consumers to try the goods and create the first impression of the product that generally affect the incremental sales. Therefore, it can be said that well-designed packaging can increase product sales and profit.In this essay, four important main points about packaging will be presented. Firstly, it is going to identify the definition of packaging and then, show its roles. After that, significant components of good packaging design will be presented. Finally, the most significant part is the argument of whether packaging design can increase product sales or not. This essay will present both negative and positive impacts as well as direct and indirect effects of packaging design on sales volume. To begin with the meaning of packaging, it involves all types of product's protection, including inner wraps, containers and labels. It is created to ensure that the goods will be delivered to end users in a good condition. Another definition is that "Packaging must protect what it sells and sell what it protects" (Briston and Neil, 17, p.1).

It does not only play a key role as a safeguard of goods, in general; protecting and maintaining its quality, but packaging can also create the good product image. Take the cosmetics industry for example; the luxurious glass bottle is a significant part in promoting sales. It enhances the goods to be more sumptuous than packing in a plastic box. Additionally, the pack can identify the product. The brand name, logo, usage method, promotional message and unique benefits are communicated to buyers through the information shown on the label (Meyers, 16, p.6) Finally, brand positioning can be established by a suitable design. As can be seen from the mini-sized cookies launched by Keebler Company, its brand positioning was set to be a portable snack that consumers were able to take it everywhere they wanted so the standup pouch with reclosable zipper was a satisfying solution. It succeeded to make the product to be an on-the-go snack in consumers' perspective (Haymarket Publishing, 00, p.46)In order to acquire a well-designed package, designers should consider three features; clear, understandable, and memorable message and design. In the limited area of package, too much detail of the product cannot be inserted; therefore, a best way is putting only important information with the clear message. Additionally, each key word should be large enough to read easily when people look roughly on the cluttered shelves. Furthermore, it should not consist of too complicated information, which may cause them to misunderstand with the message. Nevertheless, only clear and understandable message cannot persuade people to buy a product. The main ingredient of good packaging is the distinct message and design that are able to fill the need or satisfy an inner desire of consumers (Meyers and Lubliner, 18, p.15; Isoline and Macomber, 00, p.14).It has been questions that how packaging design affects product sales and whether it can encourage the increase of product profits or not. According to Sacharow (18, p.111), "modern package will not necessarily increase sales". Some old-fashioned packages may be sold better than a new one. In my opinion, this results from the change of product positioning. In other words, a stunning design can alter the well-established brand positioning that causes the decrease of product revenue. From my own experience when working in a company, which produces and distributes consumer goods, the company wanted to build up the sales units of a main product so its package was redesigned to be more magnificent by modifying its color and using English logo instead of Thai logo. As a result, not only could not push the incremental sales, but this alteration also caused a decline in its sales. In deed, the cause of this fault came from the misunderstanding in the brand positioning. Originally, this product was set to be a local brand with a reasonable price but after changing the packaging style, the consumer perceived that it was an international product sold with a high price in spite of no actual price's change. On the contrary, it has been argued that striking design has become a noteworthy marketing tool for building up product income. It can directly impact on the increase of product revenue in several ways. First of all, first impression can be created by conspicuous design that induces nonusers to try a product (Isoline and Macomber, 00, p.14). For example, in the beverage product, its purchase is more than 70% on impulse (Farlander, 000, p.5). Therefore, it can be said that the first significant factor of consumers' purchase is emotion, thus, an elegant design can persuade people to buy the product that has a remarkable effect on sales quantity.Secondly, _ stunning package can enhance product image which causes them can be sold on the premium price. It can be seen from a case of juice beverage called Capri Sun, which was launched with an inimitable package, a foil pouch, offering unique advantages over the traditional cans and bottles. Although its price was higher than others, it could succeed in a short time (Griffin, Sacharow and Brody, 185, pp.6-6). That means buyers were willing to pay more on this package. Furthermore, when the price per unit is higher, it implies that the product proceeds will automatically rise despite selling in the same units.In addition, it is a certain true that in the cluttered retail environment, a similar appearance of a myriad of brands makes consumers to hard find what they are looking for on shelves. Nonetheless, novel packaging can help a product to stand out from others. It encourages the product to be more attractive and remarkable, which facilitate its marketability and affect the sales growth.What is more, one part of the heart of marketing objective is building brand loyalty in consumers' mind. It is generally accepted that packaging can be a brand loyalty builder (Isoline and Macomber, 00, p.14). While standing in buyers' houses, it will encourage the consumers to bear its brand in their mind, which influences on their repeating purchase behaviours. Undoubtedly, an increase of the number of loyal customers certainly has a positive effect on product sales.Furthermore, it is a duty of package on maintaining the product quality. This leads customers to satisfy the goods and repeat purchase that naturally increase its revenue. Sacharow (18, pp.108-10) claimed that the product's shelf life could be last longer by using a proper material of package. Besides, the quality enhancement can be added by package. For instance, specific-designed film of mini-sized cookies helped to keep the product firm but not dry, and stored them in a sound condition until they were consumed. As a result, buyers satisfied this product that led it to be successful in a few months (Haymarket Publishing, 00, p.46). Lastly, proper packaging design can drive the success of sales promotion's programs. Take a pack-on premium for example. Marketers can create an appealing message on the outside wrapper in order to present the special of this premium. Consequently, it can induce consumers to pay attention on this promotion, which results in the achievement of its proceeds.Although a good packaging design is accepted to be a direct sales' stimulator as numerous reasons mentioned above, it is claimed that a new more prominent packaging is unlikely to instantly change consumer's shopping behaviour. It is not able to drive people who have loyalty with other brands switch to try it but perhaps can lead them to bear it in mind as an interesting alternative. If their regular-used brand is out of stock, they may have a trail on it. Therefore, in some situations, packaging cannot stimulate the product sales in a short term but it tends to affect the increase of product revenue in a long run (Young, 00, pp.10-14). In general, its impacts on sales volume are indirect. Two considerable effects of package, which obliquely influence on the product income, are the repositioning inappropriate-existing brand and building dealer's satisfaction. The re-launched packaging can create new product positioning as well as improve it. These encourage a product to be more valuable in consumer's perception that leads it to receive higher sales and larger proportion of market share. For example, according to a market research, it showed that "Boots" brand was perceived to be a brand for older women so the company decided to redesign its package. In consequence, its positioning was absolutely changed to be a fashionable product. Furthermore, its sales exceeded the target nearly 100% and its share also increased by 4% of the total market (Haymarket Publishing, 1, pp. -1).Moreover, packaging can help a product to be easy to handle, transport and store as well (Briston and Neil, 17, pp.0-05). The suitable size and material of package can make a product conveniently unpack and stack that are more likely to establish the satisfaction of all distributors. As a result, this satisfaction has a positive impact on the sales volume in the long term.In conclusion, as a packaging has become a significant tool in marketing strategy, it can create brand image, identify the product, establish brand positioning as well as maintaining quality of the product. Packaging may decrease the product sales in some situations such as changing its well-established positioning. However, the majority of well-designed packaging can directly boost sales quantity of the product by making the first impression, creating good image, helping it to stand apart from rivals, reinforcing brand loyalty, maintaining quality and supporting sales promotion's activities. Also, it is able to obliquely affect on sales by repositioning poor existing brand and creating distributors' satisfaction. Therefore, it can be concluded that good packaging design strongly affects the increase of product revenue.(1,647 words) ReferencesHaymarket Publishing (1), "Glittering Prizes", Marketing, pp. -1.Haymarket Publishing (00), "Mini-cookie pouches pack big appeal", Packaging Digest, Vol. , No.6, pp. 46-5.Briston, J.H.& Neil, T.J. (17), Packaging Management, Gower Press Limited, Epping, Esssex. Farlander, L. (000), "The package is the product", Beverage World, Vol. 11, No.164, pp. 5-54.Griffin, R.C.J., Sacharow, S. & Brody, A.L. (185), Principle of Package Development, KriegerPublishing Company, Malabar, Florida.Isoline, C. & Macomber, A. (00), "Good packaging does a multifaceted job", Marketing News, Vol. 6, No., pp. 14-16.Meyers, H.M. (16), "The Role of Design". In Doyle, M. (Ed), Packaging Strategy Winning theConsumer, Technomic Publishing Company, Inc., Pennsylvania, U.S.A.Meyers, H.M.& Lubliner, M.J. (18), The Marketer's Guide to Successful Package Design, NTC Business Books, Illinois, U.S.A. Sacharow, S. (18), The Package as a Marketing Tool, Chilton Book Company, Radnor, Pennsylvania, U.S.A.Young, S. (00), "Packaging design, consumer research, and business strategy; the march toward accountability", Design Management Journal, Vol. 1, No.4, pp. 10-14. Please note that this sample paper on How good packaging design increase product sales is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on How good packaging design increase product sales, we are here to assist you. Your cheap custom college paper on How good packaging design increase product sales will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

Order your authentic assignment and you will be amazed at how easy it is to complete a quality custom paper within the shortest time possible!